A4 - Gut microbiota in disease and therapy

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Chairs

Hala Fadda (Associate Professor Pharmaceutical Sciences, Butler University, United States) and Nicole Savant (St. Louis College of Pharmacy, USA)

Introduction

Over the past decade our understanding of the host-microbiota interactions has burgeoned. The human intestinal microbiota intrinsically contributes to energy production, metabolism and immunity with a gene set 100 times larger than our human genome. Characterising the genome sequence of many species that comprise the human gut microbiome has presented a significant challenge due to factors such as difficulties in culturing these organisms in the laboratory. However, technological advances are providing ever greater insight into the complexity of the human gut microbiome. In parallel, there has been an increasing appreciation that the gut microbiome has the potential to impact drug response in a range of conditions including cancer, type 2 diabetes and psychiatric conditions as well as an improved understanding that medicines, beyond antibiotics, can impact the makeup of the microbiome. This has stimulated the search for approaches to manipulate the composition of the gut microbiome in targeted ways for therapeutic intervention. Restoring the diversity of the microbiota has shown to provide greater than 90% efficacy in treating recurrent Clostridioides Difficile.

Programme

Understanding the human gut microbiome and its impact on health
Stephen Nayfach (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA)

The impact of the microbiome on drug response
Meriem Messaoudene (CHUM Research Center, Montreal, Canada)

Strategies to modify the microbiome
Filipe Cabreiro (MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, UK)

Successes and challenges of fecal microbiota transplantation for treating recurrent Clostridioides Difficile
Hala Fadda (Associate Professor Pharmaceutical Sciences, Butler University, United States)

Learning Objectives

  1. To describe the composition of the human gut microbiome, its inter-individual variability and the impact that this may have on health.
  2. To explain the impact that the gut microbiome has on the response of medicines.
  3. To describe the impact that medicines may have on the composition of the gut microbiome.
  4. To discuss the strategies that may be employed to modify the composition of the gut microbiome for therapeutic intervention.